Journal of Environmental Biology

Optimization of extraction and stability characterization of rose petal natural dye: A standardized approach

S. Keerthana¹, B. Singh¹*, R. Jain¹, M.K. Singh¹, A.K. Tiwari¹, A. Joshi² and R. Bansal³     

¹Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India

²Division of Food Science and Post Harvest Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India

³Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India

Received: 05 March 2025                   Revised: 15 May 2025                   Accepted: 15 October 2025

*Corresponding Author Email : bflori17feb@gmail.com                  *ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5633-2696

Abstract

Aim: Standardization of natural dye extraction process from the petals of rose flower for maximum yield of natural dye.

Methodology: Optimization of natural dye extraction process was conducted using Box Behnken Design of Response Surface Methodology followed by stability studies to study the effect of different factors involved in the degradation of extracted anthocyanin.

Results: Optimal anthocyanin extraction from rose petals, yielded 19.653 mg g^-1 with a high redness index of 240.314, was achieved at 25^°C using a 1:5 solid-to-solvent ratio and 0.015% HCl. Anthocyanin stability decreased exponentially with increased temperature and time, with natural light exposure causing the most significant degradation. The dyes color shifted from bright red in acidic condition to blue in alkaline conditions.

Interpretation: The study successfully identified optimal conditions for extracting vibrant red anthocyanin dye from roses. However, the sensitivity of dye to heat, light, and pH variations indicate a need for careful handling and storage to maintain its colour and stability.

Key words: Anthocyanin, Natural dye, Optimization, Rose flower petals, Stability

Copyright © 2026 Triveni Enterprises. All rights reserved. No part of the Journal can be reproduced in any form without prior permission. Responsibility regarding the authenticity of the data, and the acceptability of the conclusions enforced or derived, rest completely with the author(s).