Journal of Environmental Biology

Phytochemicals with nanoparticles and their potential applications in medicine – A review

S.V. Rajith-Varman^1,2, K. Baskar³*, S.Y Kim^4,5, M. Jayakumar⁶, M.V. Arasu⁷ and N.A. Al-Dhabi⁷ 

 ¹Lab of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, #191, Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea

²Harm Reduction Research & Innovation Center [HRRIC], Mumbai-400 016, India

³Department of Ecotoxicology, Ross Lifescience Pvt., Ltd, Pune-411 026, India

⁴Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Medical Center, Inchon 21565, Republic of Korea

⁵Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University; #191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea

⁶Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Chennai – 600 025, India

⁷Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia

*Corresponding Author Email : suribaskar@hotmail.com

Received: 29.07.2020                                                                   Revised: 21.01.2021                                              Accepted: 22.04.2021

Abstract

Phytochemicals having multiple properties which are used to cure various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, neurodegeneration, angiogenesis, aging, inflammatory, cardiovascular and arthritic disease, etc., Extensive use of phytochemicals and their derivatives leads to unavailability or scarcity of products in nature. Despite this episode, the nanotechnology resolves the setback of handling phytochemicals by increasing their bioavailability, long-lost acting, target-specific and less or no toxicity. Here, we focused on the 24 known phytochemicals and preparation of NPs without discriminating the polymers and metals in NPs. All the phytochemicals did not fully satisfy the toxicological hazards, physical-pharmaceutical challenges, bioethical and health issues research. Hence these NPs and their NP incorporated phytochemicals need to be characterized in a way to give direct usage to the common man. Commercialization of NP formulations in pharmaceuticals needs statutory regulation norms for complete satisfaction and safety for end-users. As of now, many NP mediated pharmaceutical products are available in the market with full-fledged but still many unrevealed about their fate in the environment. In this review, the characterization of nanoparticles, the transparent benefit of nanoparticles (NPs), and their current application in various fields has been discussed.

Key words: Phytochemicals, Nano formulations, Nanomaterials, Toxicology regulation, Nanotechnology

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