Journal of Environmental Biology

Control of soil erosion measures on mountain slopes

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D. Kereselidze¹, L. Matchavariani²*, V. Trapaidze¹, G. Bregvadze¹, G. Gaprindashvili^3,4 and I. Megrelidze^1,5 ??????? 

¹Department of Hydrology, Oceanology and Meteorology, Faculty of Exact & Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi - 0179, Georgia

²Department of Soil Geography, Faculty of Exact & Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi - 0179,Georgia

³Department of Geology, National Environmental Agency, Tbilisi - 0112, Georgia

⁴Department of Geomorphology, Vakhushti Bagrationi Institute of Geography,? Tbilisi - 0177, Georgia

⁵Department of Hydrometeorology, National Environmental Agency, Tbilisi - 0112, Georgia

*Corresponding Author Email : lia.matchavariani@tsu.ge

Paper received: 09.04.2019 ?????? ???????????????????????????????????????Revised received: 02.10.2019 ???????????? ????????????????????????Accepted: 08.12.2019

Abstract

Aim: Study of erosion processes caused by water and elaboration of the sophisticated methods, territorial zoning and creating of maps of sensitive areas using the GIS technologies, as well as quantitative assessment of the condition of the oil and gas pipelines corridors passing through Georgia and assessment of risks of dangerous and unfavorable situations.

Methodology: The research methodology is based on processes of the slope?s flow motion. To represent this process, the equation of continuity of water flow was used, in which an important parameter is the velocity of water filtration in the soil. Filtration velocity depends on the intensity of rain and slope inclination. In addition, using Ch?zy-Manning formula, the depth of slope flow and volume of eroded soil was calculated.

Results: The study covers research of erosion by water on mountain sides and the engineering-ecological measures for its control, as well as the mitigation measures of the anticipated risks. Study results have great importance from the scientific as well as from the engineering and ecological point of view.

Interpretation: The method to calculate erosion intensity was developed, that allows realizing agrotechnical, hydrotechnical and phyto-melioration measures. The amount of eroded soils in different regions of Georgia was calculated. The ways of reducing filtration currents were studied, which will increase the safety of mountain slopes and reduce the negative effect of water erosion processes.

Keywords: Filtration, Mountain slope, Rain intensity, Soil erosion

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