Journal of Environmental Biology

Meiotic analysis of induced translocation heterozygotes in Lepidium sativum Linn.

G. Kumar^*, P. Pandey, A. Pandey, J. Yadav, N.K. Tiwari and S. Pandey      

Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj-211 002, India

*Corresponding Author Email : kumar_girjesh@yahoo.com                   *ORCiD: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7465-4439

Received: 03.05.2023                                                                                                      Revised: 05.07.2023                                                          Accepted: 04.09.2023

Abstract

Aim: To assess the cytological effects of Gamma rays on the pollen mother cells and post meiotic products of Lepidium sativum Linn. which resulted in isolation of translocation heterozygote and aneuploid gametes.

Methodology: During the experiment, parameters such as Meiotic stages, chromosomal structure, and pollen fertility were studied. Fresh seeds of Garden cress were orderly arranged in plastic and divided into four groups. The fresh seeds of each group were individually irradiated with 60Gy, 150Gy, 300Gy, 450Gy and 600Gy @ 7.247KGyh^-1 in the Floriculture Laboratory of National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI), Lucknow (India). The source for gamma ray irradiation was Cobalt-60. The irradiated seeds were sown in triplicates along with their respective controls.

Results: Meiotic analysis of pollen mother cells (PMCs) at 300Gy showed translocation heterozygotes, however, in the control sets, the rate was negligible and phenotypically the plants were weak and short heighted. The cytological illustration of chromosomal configuration at diakinesis and metaphase I exhibited the superiority of tetravalents, bivalent and other forms of chromosomal associations such as multivalents. The induced translocation heterozygotes resulted in stickiness at metaphase and anaphase states along with the formation of bridges at anaphase stage. Due to chromosomal anomalies, the pollen fertility was reduced to 37.54±0.25% in contrast to control plants (98.20±0.16%).

Interpretation: The current research work would be of paramount interest as translocation heterozygote serves as a source for raising aneuploid offspring having novel genetic combinations.      

Key words: Chromosomal anomalies, Heterozygotes, Lepidium sativum Linn, Meiosis, Pollen fertility

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