Influence
of enzymes and extraction conditions on high yield of cottonseed milk
S. Thirukkumar1*,
G. Hemalatha1, S. Vellaikumar2, M. Murugan3 and S. Amutha1
1Department of Food
Science and Nutrition, Community Science College and Research Institute,
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai- 625 104, India
2Department of
Biotechnology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu
Agricultural University, Madurai-625 104, India
3Department of
Agricultural Entomology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore- 641
003, India
*Corresponding Author Email : psthirukumar@gmail.com
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Abstract
Aim:
This research aimed to optimize suitable hydrolytic enzymes for maximizing
cottonseed milk extracts for high cottonseed milk yield, protein content and
low gossypol level.
Methodology: Known amount of cottonseed was soaked for 90 min at
32°C and blended (cottonseed:water@1:6). Different aliquots of the
blended cottonseed slurry were treated with 1% of enzymes viz., protease,
cellulase and α-amylase enzyme at pH 7.0 followed by incubation at 40 and 52°C
for 2.30 hr for the extraction of cottonseed milk. The enzyme activity of
extracted milk was subsequently inactivated by pasteurization (90°C,
5 min). Further analysis of physico-chemical characteristics was also
carried. The control sample included milk extraction from non-enzyme treated
cottonseed milk extract (30±2°C).
Results:
Among different treatments, cottonseed milk extraction using protease enzyme
at 40°C incubation showed the highest milk yield (86.71%) with the
lowest sedimentation (3.72%). Further incubation 40°C and 52°C
showed the highest protein content of 2.10 and 2.27 g 100 ml-1 and
gossypol reduction of 40.36 and 35.22%, respectively, in the cottonseed milk
extract. Meanwhile, cellulase and α-amylase enzymes treated samples at both
incubation temperatures showed poor physico-chemical characteristics as
compared to control.
Interpretation: Protease enzyme seems to be the most
suitable for optimum or higher extraction of cottonseed milk.
Key words: Cottonseed milk, Enzymes, Gossypol, Protein
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