Journal of Environmental Biology

Effects of oral-dosing of an antiparasitic drug emamectin

benzoate on the growth and serum biomarkers of Oreochromis niloticus (L.) juveniles 

R.B. Julinta¹, T.J. Abraham¹,*, A. Roy¹, J. Singha¹, G. Dash¹, T.K. Sar² and P.K. Patil³ 

¹Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata-700 094, India

²Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata-700 037, India

³Aquatic Animal Health and Environment Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai-600 028, India

*Corresponding Author Email : abrahamtj1@gmail.com

Paper received: 04.07.2019 ?????? ???????????????????????????????????????Revised received: 05.11.2019 ???????????? ?????????????????????????????Accepted: 01.04.2020

Abstract

Aim: To assess the effects of an antiparasitic aquadrug emamectin benzoate (EB) on the serum biomarkers of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus when fed at the recommended dietary dose regimen of 50 ?g kg biomass^-1 day^-1 for 7 consecutive days (1X) and compare with the control and 10 times the recommended dose (10X).

Methodology: Nile tilapia were divided into three groups of thirty fish each. The fish of group 1 were fed with control feed. Group 2 and 3 were fed with 50 ?g and 500 ?g EB kg biomass^-1 day^-1, respectively, for 7 days followed by 45 days of post-dosing observations. Serum samples from different EB-dosed Nile tilapia were collected at scheduled interludes to analyse the serum biomarkers, viz., glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine and C-reactive protein (CRP) by standard kits.

Results: Seven days of EB-dosing reduced the biomass by 6.91%. The levels of fish serum biomarkers increased significantly on day 7 EB-dosing. Their levels consequently reduced, but did not reach normalcy, except ALT, AST and CRP, on day 45 post-EB-dosing at the recommended dose. The results demonstrated that the physiological state of apparently healthy Nile tilapia was persuaded by oral EB-dosing.      

Interpretation: The effects of EB-dosing on serum biomarkers of Nile tilapia are revocable. Nevertheless, the observed results on the biomass reduction and elevated levels of serum biomarkers, raises concern on the effectiveness of oral EB-dosing in Indian condition.????   

Key words: Anti-parasitic drug, Emamectin benzoate, Oral-dosing, Oreochromis niloticus, Serum biomarkers 

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