Antioxidant activity
and proximal chemical composition of fruiting bodies of mushroom, Pleurotus
spp. produced on wheat straw
M.L.
Acosta-Urdapilleta1,2, E. Villegas3, A. Estrada-Torres4,
M. T?llez-T?llez2* and G. D?az-God?nez5*
1Doctoral Program
in Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, 90000,
México
2Center for
Biological Research, Autonomous University of State of Morelos, Morelos,
62209, México
3Center for
Biotechnology Research, Autonomous University of State of Morelos, Morelos,
62209, México
4Tlaxcala Center
for Behavioral Biology, Autonomous University of Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, 90000,
México
5Research Center
for Biological Sciences, Autonomous University of Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, 90000,
México
*Corresponding Author Email : maura.tellez@uaem.mx;
gerardo.diaz@uatx.mx
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Abstract
Aim:
Mushrooms of the genus Pleurotus have important nutritional and
therapeutic properties, however, it is important to assess the differences in
their properties depending on the species and even the strain. The
antioxidant activity and total content of phenols in extracts from fruiting
bodies of three strains of Pleurotus ostreatus, and one each of Pleurotus
pulmonarius, Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus djamor var. roseus
and Pleurotus citrinopileatus were evaluated, as well as, the proximal
chemical composition of fruiting bodies of all strains were also determined.
Methodology: All strains were grown in wheat straw and the
production of fruiting bodies were monitored. Three different extracts of
fruiting bodies from each strain were obtained and their antioxidant activity
and total content of phenols were measured.
Results:
Most of the strains showed an early fruiting production pattern (25 to 39
days), but in some strains it was intermediate (52 days) or late (67 days);
the biological efficiency ranged from 42 to 95% and the production rate from
0.2 to 1.0. The proximal chemical composition was similar in all the strains.
The phenol content ranged from 15.4 to 2.1 mg GAE g-1 of dry biomass. The
percent inhibition of ABTS radical varied from 96 to 53 % and that of DPPH
radical was between 98 to 24 %. Pleurotus citrinopileatus presented
the highest antioxidant activity.
Interpretation: Differences between strains and species,
could be due to the fact that the phenotype is conditioned, among other
factors, to the genotype in combination with the environmental conditions.
The five Pleurotus species presented characteristics that confirm their use
as a functional food, but there were differences in productivity and
antioxidant capacity of fruiting bodies, which apparently depends on the
interspecific and intraspecific variability of strains. Hence, further
investigation is necessary to assess the effect of external
factors.
Key
words:
Antioxidants, Fruiting body, Pleurotus spp., Proximal chemical analysis
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