B.
Thippeswamy
(Corresponding author)??????
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Dept. of? Post Ggraduate Studies and
Research in Microbiology, Kuvempu University,
Shankaraghatta-577 451, India
e-mail : thippeswamyb205@gmail.com?????
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C.K.
Shivakumar
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Dept.
of Post Ggraduate Studies and Research in Microbiology, Kuvempu
University,??????????
Shankaraghatta-577
451, India
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M.
Krishnappa
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Dept.
of Post Ggraduate Studies and Research in Applied Botany, Kuvempu University,???
Shankaraghatta-577
451, India
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Publication
Data
Paper received:
11 June 2011
Revised received:
29 November 2011
Accepted:
22 December 2011
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Abstract
In
the present study Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus
isolated from paper mill effluent showed tolerance and accumulation of toxic
metals Ni, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr and Cu from synthetic medium and paper mill
effluent. Physico-chemical and heavy metals characterization of industrially
treated paper mill effluent showed insignificant reduction in BOD, hardness,
TDS and heavy metals as compared to permissible limits of BIS and WHO. A.niger
and A.flavus were treated with synthetic medium containing 100-1000 mg
l-1?of six heavy
metals.? A.niger was able to tolerate and grow in 1000 mg l-1?Pb, 500 mg l-1?Cu, 250 mg l-1?Zn and 100 mg l-1?Cr,
Ni respectively. No growth of A.niger was observed in 100 mg l-1?of Cd. A.flavus
was capable to tolerate and grow in 1000 mg l-1 Pb, Zn and Ni, 100mg l-1?Cu.
A.flavus growth was completely inhibited in 100 mg l-1?of Cd and Cr. The Cd,
Zn, Cu and Pb reduction were found significant (p<0.05) in the paper
effluent inoculated with A.niger and A.flavus biomass compared
to industrial treated effluent. A.niger and A.flavus
accumulated maximum of Pb (75. 82%) followed by Zn (49. 40%) > Cu (45.
34%) > Ni (25. 20%), while only 41% Cr was accumulated by A.niger
from 100 mg l-1?of Cr
solution.
Key words
Bioaccumulation, Heavy metals, Paper mill effluent, Aspergillus
niger, Aspergillus flavus
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