nstantaneous and historical temperature effects on a-pinene
Survey for cotton mealybug, Phenacoccussolenopsis
(Tinsley) and
its natural enemies
Author Details
R.K.Tanwar
(Corresponding author)
National Centre for Integrated Pest
Management, IARI Campus, Pusa, New
Delhi - 110 012, India
e-mail: tanwaripm@rediffmail.com
P.Jeyakumar
National Centre for Integrated
Pest Management, IARI Campus, Pusa, New Delhi - 110 012, India
AmarSingh
National Centre for Integrated
Pest Management, IARI Campus, Pusa, New Delhi - 110 012, India
A.A.Jafri
National Centre for Integrated
Pest Management, IARI Campus, Pusa, New Delhi - 110 012, India
O.M.Bambawale
National Centre for Integrated
Pest Management, IARI Campus, Pusa, New Delhi - 110 012, India
Publication Data
Paper received:
20
April 2010
Revised
received:
17
August 2010
Accepted:
24 September 2010
Abstract
Mealybug was considered to be a minor pest of cotton but it emerged as a
major pest in 2006-2007 in North and Central zones. Extensive field surveys
conducted in cotton fields during 2007-09 in Haryana, Rajasthan and Punjab in the North zone and
Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Gujarat in the
Central zone indicated that Phenacoccus? solenopsis? was the only major species of mealybug recorded on cotton in North as well as Central
zones except one location in Gujarat where FerrisiavirgataCockerrel was
also recorded. Infestation of mealybug at most of
the places in North and Central zones ranged from mild (10-20%) to high
(40-60%) during 2007 and 2008 but reduced to traces in 2009. Extensive field
survey indicated that AenasiusbambawaleiHayat (Chalcidodea: Encyrtidae), an
indigenous parasitoid, played a key role in reducing the insect pest
infestation. The parasitoid was first recorded in Delhi in July 2008 and by 2009 it was found
in most of the cotton growing districts of North and Central zones. Its
natural parasitization on P. solenopsis
could reach more than 90% at many locations. This is the most successful
example of biological control of mealybug. Along
with this parasitoid, another parasitoid, PromuscideaunfasciativentrisGirault
(Chalcidodea: Aphelinidae),
was also recorded at most of the locations in smaller proportions.
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