Mutagenicity
assessment of textile dyes from Sanganer (Rajasthan)
Nupur Mathur* and Pradeep Bhatnagar
Environmental Toxicology Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan,
Jaipur-302 004, India
(Received:
June 1, 2005 ; Revised received: September 10, 2005 ;
Accepted: November 2, 2005)
Abstract: Sanganer town, district Jaipur
(Rajasthan, India) is famous worldwide for its
hand block dyeing and textile printing industries. These industries use a
variety of chemicals and dyes during processing and finishing of raw materials
Most of the textile dyes used by these industries have not been evaluated for
their impact on health and the environment. The workers in these industries are
exposed to such dyes with no control over the length and frequency of exposure.
Further, untreated and sometimes even treated effluents from these industries
are released into surface waters of Amani Shah drainage or through the drainage systems, seep into the
ground water and adjoining water bodies. Since many textile dyes are known
carcinogens and mutagens, a complete evaluation of the safety of these dyes in
the human environment must include an evaluation of their genotoxicity
or mutagenicity. A total of 12 textile dyes from Sanganer were tested for their mutagenicity,
by Ames Salmonella reversion assay using strain TA 100 of Salmonella typhimurium.. Only 1 dye, Red 12 B
showed absence of mutagenic activity. The remaining 11 dyes were all positively
mutagenic.
Key words: Textile dyes, Mutagenicity,
Ames test
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